Squalius cephalus

ΑγγλικάDiffers from its congeners in France, North, Baltic, Arctic, Black and Caspian Sea basins by the possession of the following characters: dorsal profile with a well-marked discontinuity between head and trunk; a row of black pigments along free margin of each flank scale, forming a regular reticulate pattern, with no or very few pigments on central part of scales; anal and pelvic fins orange to red; dorsal fin with 8½ branched rays; anal fin with 8½ branched rays (rarely 9½); scales on lateral line 40-45 + 2-3; mouth terminal, with well marked chin; lower jaw tip not included in the upper lip; interorbital distance 37-42% HL; postorbital distance 47-51% HL; eye diameter 17-22% HL, 1.5-2.3 times in snout length; body depth 22-27% SL; lower jaw long, length greater than depth of operculum; iris whitish; pharyngeal teeth 2,5-5,2; in stretched anal fin of individuals larger than about 15 cm SL, distance between tips of first and last branched rays usually greater than caudal peduncle depth (Ref. 59043). Caudal fin with 19 rays (Ref. 2196).

• Cyprinus capito Scopoli, 1786
• Leuciscus cephalus albus Bonaparte, 1838
• Leuciscus cephalus ruffoi Bianco & Recchia, 1983
• Leuciscus ruffoi Bianco & Recchia, 1983
• Cyprinus kietaibeli Reisinger, 1830
• Leuciscus brutius Costa, 1838
• Leuciscus rissoi Schinz, 1840
• Squalius meridionalis Blanchard, 1866
• Leuciscus svallize zrmanjae risae Vladykov & Petit, 1930
• Squalius cephalopsis Heckel, 1843
• Leuciscus cephalus orientalis Nordmann, 1840
• Leuciscus cephalus orientalis thracica Drensky, 1930
• Leuciscus squalius Valenciennes, 1844
• Squalius clathratus Blanchard, 1866
• Squalius pareti Bonaparte, 1841
• Cyprinus kittaibeli Reisinger, 1830
• Leuciscus latifrons Nilsson, 1855
• Leuciscus cephalus cephalus (Linnaeus, 1758)
• Squalius cephalus athurensis Roule & Cardaillac de Saint-Paul, 1903
• Leuciscus cephalus var. wjatkensis Lukasch, 1925
• Leuciscus albiensis Valenciennes, 1844
• Leuciscus frigidus Valenciennes, 1844
• Squalius meunier Heckel, 1852
• Leuciscus albus Bonaparte, 1838
• Cyprinus salmoneus Gronow, 1854
• Cyprinus chub Bonnaterre, 1788
• Cyprinus albula Nardo, 1827
• Leuciscus lapacinus Stefani, Serra, Loffredo & Fossa, 1987
• Cyprinus rufus Vallot, 1837
• Leuciscus nothulus Bonaparte, 1841
• Leuciscus cephalus orientalis thracicus Drensky, 1930
• Leuciscus cephalus macedonicus Karaman, 1955
• Leuciscus chub pictava De la Pylaie, 1835
• Leuciscus cavedanus Bonaparte, 1838
• Leuciscus cephalus orientalis zangicus Barach, 1934
• Leuciscus cabeda Risso, 1827
• Cyprinus orthonotus Hermann, 1804
• Leuciscus cephalus orientalis aralychensis Barach, 1934
• Leuciscus cephalus orientalis ardebilicus Barach, 1934
• Squalius tyberinus Bonaparte, 1841
• Leuciscus cephalus orientalis kaznakovi Berg, 1912
• Squalius cephalus cavedanus var. prespensis Karaman, 1924
• Leuciscus orientalis Nordmann, 1840
• Leuciscus cephalus cabeda Risso, 1827
• Squalius orientalis (Nordmann, 1840)
• Cyprinus cephalus Linnaeus, 1758
• Squalius turcicus var. platycephala Kamenskii, 1897
• Leuciscus cephalus (Linnaeus, 1758)
• Cyprinus lugdunensis Walbaum, 1792