Parupeneus heptacanthus

Diagnosis: Pectoral rays 16 (rarely 15 or 17). Gill rakers 6-7 + 29-23 (total 26-30). Body depth 2.95-3.55 in SL; head length (HL) 2.9-3.25 in SL; snout length 1.75-2.1 in HL; barbel length 1.15-1.35 in HL; posterior end of maxilla evenly convex; longest dorsal spine 1.45-1.75 in HL; penultimate dorsal ray 1.05-1.25 in length of last dorsal ray; pectoral-fin length 1.25-1.4 in HL; pelvic-fin length 1.4-1.6 in HL. Body brownish yellow to light red (deeper-dwelling fish more red), the edges of the scales darker, shading to silvery white ventrally; adults with a small reddish brown spot on upper side of body just below seventh and eighth lateral-line scales; an indistinct narrow yellow stripe often visible above the lateral line (more evident in juveniles and subadults); dorsal body scales often with a pale blue or pearly spot; faint iridescent blue lines extending dorsoposteriorly and ventroanteriorly from eye, and often a parallel one on the cheek below eye; second dorsal and anal fins with faint pale blue or pink narrow bands alternating with pale yellow. Although Gloerfelt-Tarp and Kailola (1984: 213) reported that this species (as Parupeneus pleurospilus) has a dark brown peritoneum, the Bishop Museum specimens have a pale peritoneum (Ref. 54393).

• Upeneus cinnabarinus Cuvier, 1829
• Parupeneus sp. 1 Not applicable
• Parupeneus pleurospilus (Bleeker, 1853)
• Upeneus pleurospilos Bleeker, 1853
• Parupeneus pleurospilos (Bleeker, 1853)
• Pseudupeneus xanthopurpureus Fourmanoir, 1957
• Upeneus heptacanthus (Lacepède, 1802)
• Parupenaeus cinnabarinus (Cuvier, 1829)
• Pseudupeneus heptacanthus (Lacepède, 1802)
• Parupeneus cinnabarinus (Cuvier, 1829)
• Pseudupeneus pleurospilos (Bleeker, 1853)
• Sciaena heptacantha Lacepède, 1802
• Pseudupeneus pleurospilus (Bleeker, 1853)