Species FAO code: HOM

Trachurus trachurus

Trachurus trachurus

© Scandinavian Fishing Year Book

Page contents

Commercial designations
Production methods and fishing gears
Conservation measures
Marketing standards
Species distribution and habitat
Species description
Combined Nomenclature

Commercial designations

Country	Commercial designations	Names accepted or permitted locally or regionally
Belgium	fr Clinchard nl Horsmakreel	–
Croatia	hr šarun	–
Cyprus	el γκριζοσάφριδο	–
Czech Republic	cs Kranas obecný cs Stavrida cs Kranas obecný	–
Denmark	da Hestemakrel da almindelig hestemakrel	–
Estonia	et Harilik stauriid	–
Finland	fi piikkimakrilli sv taggmakrill sv makrillstör	–
France	fr chinchard commun fr chinchard	–
Ireland	en Atlantic horse mackerel en Horse mackerel en Scad ga Bolmán Atlantach	–
Italy	it Suro it sugarello	–
Lithuania	lt paprastoji stauridė	–
Luxembourg	de Bastardmakrele de Holzmakrele de Stöcker fr chinchard fr chinchard d'Europe	–
Malta	en Atlantic horse mackerel it Suro mt Sawrella kaħla	–
Netherlands	nl Horsmakreel	–
Poland	pl Ostrobok pospolity pl Ostrobok pospolity [Caranx trachurus synonym for Trachurus trachurus]	–
Portugal	pt Carapau pt Chicharro pt Pelim (Commercial designation authorized only for small sizes provided they respect the minimum size) pt Joaquinzinho (Commercial designation authorized only for small sizes provided they respect the minimum size)	–
Romania	ro Stavrid negru	–
Slovakia	sk stavrida ostroboká	–
Slovenia	sl šur	–
Spain	es Jurel	Asturias: Chicharro Asturias: Chicharru Balearic Islands: Sorell ver Canary Islands: Chicharro Cantabria: Chicharro Catalonia: Sorell Valencia: Sorell Galicia: Xurelo Basque Country: Txitxarro baltza
Sweden	sv Taggmakrill sv Makrillstör	–

Main production methods

Caught

Main fishing gears

Source: Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. FishBase. Trachurus trachurus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Minimum conservation reference sizes

As defined in art. 8 of Regulation (EU) 2015/812 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 May 2015, which admends article 47 of Regulation (EU) No 1379/2013, where minimum conservation reference sizes are established, they shall constitute minimum marketing sizes. More

Minimum conservation reference size

≥ 15.0 cmTotal length (TL)

Fishing areas

27.3.a Skagerrak and Kattegat (Division IIIa)

Minimum conservation reference size

≥ 15.0 cmTotal length (TL)

Fishing areas

27.5 Iceland and Faeroes Grounds (Subarea V)
27.6 Rockall, Northwest Coast of Scotland and North Ireland, (the Northwest Coast of Scotland and North Ireland also known as the West of Scotland) (Subarea VI)
27.7 Irish Sea, West of Ireland, Porcupine Bank, Eastern and Western English Channel, Bristol Channel, Celtic Sea North and South, and Southwest of Ireland - East and West (Subarea VII)

Minimum conservation reference size

≥ 15.0 cmTotal length (TL)

Fishing areas

North Sea: the North Sea shall comprise ICES sub-area 4, the adjacent part of ICES Division 2a lying south of latitude 64° N, and that part of ICES Division 3a which is not covered by the definition of Skagerrak

Minimum conservation reference size

≥ 15.0 cmTotal length (TL)

Fishing areas

37.1 Western Mediterranean
37.2 Central Mediterranean
37.3 Eastern Mediterranean

Minimum conservation reference size

≥ 15.0 cmTotal length (TL)

Fishing areas

27.8 Bay of Biscay (Subarea VIII)
27.9 Portuguese Waters (Subarea IX)
27.10 Azores Grounds (Subarea X)
34.2 Northern Oceanic
34.1.1 Morocco Coastal
34.1.2 Canaries/Madeira Insular

TACs and quotas

Total allowable catches (TACs) or fishing opportunities, are catch limits (expressed in tonnes or numbers) that are set for most commercial fish stocks. TACs are set annually for most stocks (every two years for deep-sea stocks) by the Council of fisheries ministers. TACs are shared between EU countries in the form of national quotas. For each stock a different allocation percentage per EU country is applied for the sharing out of the quotas. Read more: TACs and quotas

Stocks (2021)

JAX/08C.

Trachurus

Fishing areas

27.8.c Bay of Biscay / South (Division VIIIc)

TAC

11121.0 t

Union

11121.0 t

FR

173.0 t

ES

9963.0 t

Special condition: up to 10% of this quota may be fished in 9 (JAX/*09.).

PT

985.0 t

Special condition: up to 10% of this quota may be fished in 9 (JAX/*09.).

Stocks (2021)

JAX/09.

Trachurus

Fishing areas

27.9 Portuguese Waters (Subarea IX)

TAC

128627.0 t

Union

123045.0 t

PT

91211.0 t

Special condition: up to 10% of this quota may be fished in 8c (JAX/*08C.).

ES

31834.0 t

Special condition: up to 10% of this quota may be fished in 8c (JAX/*08C.).

Stocks (2021)

JAX/2A-14

Trachurus

Fishing areas

27.7.k Southwest of Ireland - West (Division VIIk)
27.7.f Bristol Channel (Division VIIf)
27.8.b Bay of Biscay / Central (Division VIIIb)
27.8.d Bay of Biscay / Offshore (Division VIIId)
27.12 North of Azores (Subarea XII) international waters
27.14 East Greenland (Subarea XIV) international waters
27.7.b West of Ireland (Division VIIb)
27.6 Rockall, Northwest Coast of Scotland and North Ireland, (the Northwest Coast of Scotland and North Ireland also known as the West of Scotland) (Subarea VI)
27.7.h Celtic Sea South ( Division VIIh)
27.2.a Norwegian Sea (Division IIa) United Kingdom waters
27.8.a Bay of Biscay / North (Division VIIIa)
27.5.b Faeroes Grounds (Division Vb) United Kingdom and international waters
27.7.j Southwest of Ireland / East (Division VIIj)
27.7.a Irish Sea (Division VIIa)
27.7.g Celtic Sea North (Division VIIg)
27.7.e Western English Channel (Division VIIe)
27.7.c Porcupine Bank (Division VIIc)
27.4.a Northern North Sea (Division IVa) United Kingdom and Union waters
27.8.e West of Bay of Biscay (Division VIIIe)

TAC

70254.0 t

Union

50079.0 t

DE

5273.0 t

Special condition: up to 5% of this quota may be fished in 7d (JAX/*07D.).

NL

21158.0 t

Special condition: up to 5% of this quota may be fished in 7d (JAX/*07D.).

ES

7192.0 t

Special condition: up to 80% of this quota may be fished in 8c (JAX/*08C2).

FR

2714.0 t

Special condition: up to 5% of this quota may be fished in 7d (JAX/*07D.). — Special condition: up to 80% of this quota may be fished in 8c (JAX/*08C2).

IE

17561.0 t

SE

675.0 t

PT

693.0 t

Special condition: up to 80% of this quota may be fished in 8c (JAX/*08C2).

DK

6758.0 t

Stocks (2021)

JAX/341PRT

Trachurus

Fishing areas

34.1 Northern Coastal Union waters - Waters adjacent to Madeira

TAC

To be established

Union

To be established

PT

To be established

Stocks (2021)

JAX/341SPN

Trachurus

Fishing areas

34.1 Northern Coastal Union waters - Waters adjacent to the Canary Island

TAC

To be established

Union

To be established

ES

To be established

Stocks (2021)

JAX/4BC7D

Trachurus

Fishing areas

27.4.c Southern North Sea (Division IVc) United Kingdom and Union waters
27.7.d Eastern English Channel (Division VIId) United Kingdom and Union waters
27.4.b Central North Sea (Division IVb) United Kingdom and Union waters

TAC

14014.0 t

Union

9835.0 t

ES

97.0 t

IE

330.0 t

FR

435.0 t

DK

5249.0 t

NL

3160.0 t

BE

12.0 t

DE

464.0 t

SE

75.0 t

PT

11.0 t

Stocks (2021)

JAX/X34PRT

Trachurus

Fishing areas

27.10 Azores Grounds (Subarea X)
34 Atlantic, Eastern Central Union waters - Waters adjacent to the Azores

TAC

To be established

Union

To be established

PT

To be established

Specific requirements that fishery products marketed in the EU shall meet. They include freshness and size categories.

Freshness categories

	A	B	Extra
Eye	Convex and slightly sunken; dark pupil; slightly opalescent cornea	Flat; blurred pupil; blood seepage around the eye	Convex, bulging; blue-black bright pupil, transparent ‘eyelid’
Gills	Less bright colour, paler at edges. Transparent mucus	Becoming thick discoloured opaque mucus	Uniformly dark red to purple. No mucus
Smell of gills	No smell or seaweed. Neutral smell	Slightly sulphureous fatty smell, rancid bacon cuttings or rotten fruit	Fresh seaweed; pungent; iodine
Gill covers	Silvery, slightly red or brown	Brownish and extensive seepage of blood from vessels	Silvery
Consistency of flesh	Fairly rigid, firm	Slightly soft	Very firm, rigid
Skin mucus	Slightly cloudy	Milky	Aqueous, transparent
Skin	Loss of lustre and shine; duller colours; less difference between dorsal and ventral surfaces	Dull, lustreless, insipid colours; skin creased when fish curved	Bright pigmentation, bright, shining iridescent colours; clear distinction between dorsal and central surfaces

Size categories

Size	weight/fish
1	≥ 0.6 kg
2	≥ 0.4 \| < 0.6 kg
3	≥ 0.2 \| < 0.4 kg
4	≥ 0.08 \| < 0.2 kg
5	≥ 0.02 \| < 0.08 kg

As defined in art. 8 of Regulation (EU) 2015/812 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 May 2015, which admends article 47 of Regulation (EU) No 1379/2013, where minimum conservation reference sizes are established, they shall constitute minimum marketing sizes. More

Habitat

Saltwater

FAO major fishing areas

Source: Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. FishBase. Trachurus trachurus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Distribution maps

Aquamaps - Computer Generated Native Distribution Map for Trachurus trachurus

Source: Aquamaps - Computer Generated Native Distribution Map for Trachurus trachurus

Source: FAO - FAO aquatic species distribution map of Trachurus trachurus

Scientific name

Trachurus trachurus

Author

(Linnaeus, 1758)

Rank

Species

FAO code

HOM

Morphological description

Bluish green, grey or black above, silvery white below; opercle with black spot (Ref. 3197). Lateral scales tall and keeled. Gill cover with a distinct black spot. First dorsal fin tall (Ref. 35388).

Taxonomic classification

ClassActinopterygii
- OrderPerciformes
  - FamilyCarangidae
    - GenusTrachurus
      - SpeciesTrachurus trachurus

Synonyms

Scomber trachurus Linnaeus, 1758
Trachurus europaeus Gronow, 1854
Trachurus vulgaris Fleming, 1828
Caranx trachurus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Source: Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. FishBase. Trachurus trachurus (Linnaeus, 1758)

An annually revised goods classification scheme used in EU for the purposes of customs duty and foreign trade statistics. The scheme is based on the Harmonized System nomenclature, further extended with Community subdivisions. Each subdivision is identified by an eight-digit numerical code. Read more: Combined Nomenclature

03 — CHAPTER 3 - FISH AND CRUSTACEANS, MOLLUSCS AND OTHER AQUATIC INVERTEBRATES
- 0302 — Fish, fresh or chilled, excluding fish fillets and other fish meat of heading 0304
  - Herring (Clupea harengus, Clupea pallasii), anchovies (Engraulis spp.), sardines (Sardina pilchardus, Sardinops spp.), sardinella (Sardinella spp.), brisling or sprats (Sprattus sprattus), mackerel (Scomber scombrus, Scomber australasicus, Scomber japonicus), jack and horse mackerel (Trachurus spp.), cobia (Rachycentron canadum) and swordfish (Xiphias gladius), excluding livers and roes
    - 0302 45 — Jack and horse mackerel (Trachurus spp.)
      - 0302 45 10 — Atlantic horse mackerel (Trachurus trachurus)
- 0303 — Fish, frozen, excluding fish fillets and other fish meat of heading 0304
  - Herring (Clupea harengus, Clupea pallasii), sardines (Sardina pilchardus, Sardinops spp.), sardinella (Sardinella spp.), brisling or sprats (Sprattus sprattus), mackerel (Scomber scombrus, Scomber australasicus, Scomber japonicus), jack and horse mackerel (Trachurus spp.), cobia (Rachycentron canadum) and swordfish (Xiphias gladius), excluding livers and roes
    - 0303 55 — Jack and horse mackerel (Trachurus spp.)
      - 0303 55 10 — Atlantic horse mackerel (Trachurus trachurus)

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